| Pascal's law : Developed by French mathematician Blaise Pascal states that when there is an increase in pressure at any point in a confined fluid, there is an equal increase at every other point in the container. | |
Definition of pressure: If F is the magnitude of the normal force on the piston and A is the surface area of a piston, then the pressure, P, of the fluid at the level to which the device has been submerged as the ratio of the force to area. | |
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Since the pressure is force per unit area, it has units of N/m2 in the SI system. Another name for the SI unit of pressure is Pascal (Pa) | |
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An important application of Pascal's law is the hydraulic press. A force F1 is applied to a small piston of area A1. The pressure is transmitted through a liquid to a larger piston of area A2. Since the pressure is the same on both sides, we see that P = F1/A1 = F2/A2. Therefore, the force F2 is larger than F1 by multiplying factor A2/A1. Hydraulic brakes, car lifts, hydraulic jacks, and forklifts all make use of this principle. | |
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